Intel's "redundant prefix issue"

Except life isn't that simple. Very rarely do things just work or not work; usually all available systems have known problems and unknown problems. People and companies who change course at the slightest bit of trouble often fail to achieve anything. The question of whether you're doubling down on a system that could work or throwing away money and effort on a system that's already a failure is hard to tell in the moment, and it's often hard to tell even in hindsight if whether a different action would have worked better, especially when fighting entrenched powerful systems.

> And X Window System won over NeWS and other such proprietary systems with help of Gtk and Qt.

Just your links alone disprove that. The NeWS article says that NeWS was dead "just as Virtuoso became ready to ship" and "after Adobe acquired FrameMaker, Sun stopped supporting NeWS", which puts its end in 1995-1996 and its death throes before that, but QT's first release was in October 1995, too late to have much impact, and GTK's first release was in 1998, clearly after NeWS's death. (The "Oracle Solaris" article says that Sun dropped NeWS in Solaris 2.3, which other sources give as August 1993, which would make clearly before QT released.)