Also affects application developers

This is one of the reasons the "on the market" language the EU uses is so useful. Since it clearly scopes it to commercial transactions with EU entities. This law is placing specific obligations on "developers" and "operating system providers" (where?) but that's actually beside the point. Whether it's a developer, an AI or a vibe-coder doing the implementation, you care about the end-result, not who is doing it.

If this is typical for US regulations, then I understand why you need powerful regulators. Since basically the state has taken it upon itself to try and force companies/people (worldwide?) to work a specific way, rather than defining the rules of the game and letting the market figure out the most efficient way to achieve the desired result.