Subsystems A subsystem is the top level in the hierarchy Correspond to directories in /sys (usually) Subsystems are really just ksets ...with a semaphore tossed in struct subsystem { struct kset kset; struct rw_semaphore rwsem; }; Every kset must belong to a subsystem Child list operations need that semaphore ...in 2.6.11 in prior kernels Reached through kset->subsys