It's hard to see in the diagram, but the difference between the 2nd and 3rd diagrams is that the compositor doesn't draw in the space between the 2nd brown box and the yellow box. There's plenty of time for it to get a frame drawn which would have the content from the brown box, but it just doesn't bother. The brown application would have been in time, except that the yellow application was early, and the compositor drew the frame early. The diagram is confusing because the bright color makes it look like the complaint is about the yellow application's data taking a long time to appear, but it's actually that one video frame from the brown application is visible for 4 cycles and the next is visible for 1 cycle, instead of 3 and 2, despite the fact that the brown application behaves exactly the same and the compositor isn't overloaded.