> > PaX's KERNEXEC feature implements in software a policy very similar to SMEP. And indeed, the JIT spray exploit succeeds where a traditional jump-to-userspace fails. (grsecurity has other features that would mitigate this attack, like the ability to lock out users who oops the kernel.)
> Does it mean a PaX hardened kernel is **more** vulnerable than a mainline kernel (with BPF JIT disabled)?
What I understood (not being a native english speaker either, as you know ;-) ) is:
- JIT disabled: no issue, as it's not even possible to attack the JIT, it being disabled
- JIT enabled, with PaX' KERNEXEC: JIT was successfully subverted
- JIT enabled, with SMEP: unknown, but probably similar to PaX' KERNEXEC, as the thechnique is the same