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2.6.39 development statistics

By Jonathan Corbet
May 10, 2011
As of this writing, the 2.6.39-rc7 prepatch has just been released and Linus has announced that it may be the last one before the final release. Being a traditional sort of operation, LWN.net would not let that release go by without looking at the statistics for this development cycle. It has been a busy cycle, but with some interesting changes.

There have been just over 10,000 non-merge changesets merged for 2.6.39; with the sole exception of 2.6.37 (11,446 changesets), that's the highest since 2.6.33. Those changes came from 1,236 developers; only 2.6.37 (with 1,276 developers) has ever exceeded that number. Those developers added 670,000 lines of code while deleting 346,000 lines, for a net growth of 324,000 lines. The most active contributors this time around were:

Most active 2.6.39 developers
By changesets
Thomas Gleixner4424.4%
David S. Miller2012.0%
Mike McCormack1381.4%
Mark Brown1271.3%
Tejun Heo1191.2%
Russell King890.9%
Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo860.9%
Arend van Spriel770.8%
Al Viro730.7%
Aaro Koskinen720.7%
Tomas Winkler700.7%
Greg Kroah-Hartman690.7%
Chris Wilson650.6%
Joe Perches600.6%
Mauro Carvalho Chehab600.6%
Borislav Petkov600.6%
Eric Dumazet590.6%
Uwe Kleine-König590.6%
Dan Carpenter590.6%
Artem Bityutskiy580.6%
By changed lines
Wey-Yi Guy456805.6%
Wei Wang252243.1%
Alan Cox208802.6%
Laurent Pinchart204592.5%
Guan Xuetao201672.5%
Larry Finger147631.8%
Tomas Winkler140951.7%
Arnd Bergmann137481.7%
Igor M. Liplianin134911.7%
Aaro Koskinen132741.6%
Russell King128621.6%
Mike McCormack115821.4%
Jozsef Kadlecsik103741.3%
George103531.3%
Bhanu Gollapudi99251.2%
Thomas Gleixner88691.1%
Olivier Grenie81671.0%
Greg Ungerer81051.0%
Sakari Ailus75130.9%
Joe Perches70480.9%

Thomas Gleixner got to the top of the per-changesets list with a massive reworking of how interrupts are managed in the kernel - a job which required significant changes in almost every architecture. David Miller did a great deal of work cleaning up, reworking, and optimizing the networking stack. Mike McCormack did a lot of cleanup work on the rtl8192e driver in the staging tree, Mark Brown contributed the usual large pile of changes concentrated in the sound driver subsystem, and Tejun Heo improved things all over the tree, primarily in the x86 architecture code.

On the lines-changed side, Wey-Yi Guy reworked some Intel network drivers, Wei Wang worked on the Realtek card reader driver in the staging tree, Alan Cox added the GMA500 driver to staging, Laurent Pinchart did a bunch of Video4Linux work including the addition of the media controller subsystem, and Guan Xuetao added the unicore32 architecture.

There were just over 200 known employers supporting work on the 2.6.39, the most active of which were:

Most active 2.6.39 employers
By changesets
(None)137413.7%
Red Hat126012.6%
(Unknown)6906.9%
Intel5715.7%
Novell3763.7%
Texas Instruments3723.7%
IBM3053.0%
Nokia2973.0%
linutronix2762.8%
(Consultant)2032.0%
Google1801.8%
Broadcom1801.8%
Atheros1511.5%
Samsung1501.5%
Wolfson Micro1461.5%
AMD1331.3%
Pengutronix1231.2%
ST Ericsson1161.2%
LINBIT1111.1%
Oracle991.0%
By lines changed
Intel11790314.6%
(None)9409311.6%
Red Hat521406.4%
Nokia460635.7%
Texas Instruments395364.9%
(Unknown)377554.7%
Realsil Micro253703.1%
IBM241213.0%
(Consultant)239993.0%
Broadcom233302.9%
Peking University204872.5%
Novell190242.3%
Samsung172752.1%
NetUP136831.7%
Google112011.4%
Realtek104571.3%
KFKI Research Inst104301.3%
Ericsson91991.1%
ST Ericsson86111.1%
Freescale84571.0%

The percentage of changes coming from developers known to be working on their own time is at the lowest level seen since we started generating these statistics. Whether that means that volunteers are slowly losing interest in working with the kernel or that everybody who can do kernel work has been hired is hard to say.

Red Hat, as always, generates large numbers of patches; Texas Instruments continues the steady increase we have seen over the last few years, while Oracle continues to decline. New entries this time around include Realsil (the Realtek card reader work), the Peking University Microprocessor R&D Laboratory (the unicore32 architecture), NetUP (various drivers), and the KFKI Research Institute (ipset).

Occasionally it is interesting to look at the list of non-author signoffs - Signed-off-by tags added by developers who are not the authors of the patches involved. For 2.6.39, that list looks like this:

Developers with the most signoffs (total 8766)
Greg Kroah-Hartman116213.3%
David S. Miller5466.2%
John W. Linville4375.0%
Mauro Carvalho Chehab4345.0%
Andrew Morton3173.6%
James Bottomley2202.5%
Ingo Molnar1862.1%
Mark Brown1581.8%
Sascha Hauer1351.5%
Tony Lindgren1291.5%
Takashi Iwai1241.4%
Samuel Ortiz1061.2%
Paul Mundt1001.1%
Matthew Garrett991.1%
Russell King981.1%
Jeff Kirsher971.1%
Jiri Kosina951.1%
Linus Torvalds941.1%
Patrick McHardy901.0%
Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk891.0%

Greg Kroah-Hartman contributed "only" 69 patches to 2.6.39, but another 1,162 - over 13% of the total - passed through his hands on their way into the kernel. The bulk of those changes applied to the staging tree, but they were certainly not limited to staging. Linus Torvalds directly merged only 94 changes from others; everything else came in by way of a subsystem maintainer's tree.

Despite being one of the more active development cycles in recent years, 2.6.39 has also been one of the smoothest. The number of difficult regressions has been small, and, if Linus's current plan holds, the cycle could complete in just over 60 days, which would make it the shortest development cycle since the beginning of the git era. Kernel development is not without its glitches, but the process would appear to be working quite smoothly.

(As always, thanks are due to Greg Kroah-Hartman for his help in the creation of these statistics.)

Index entries for this article
KernelReleases/2.6.39


to post comments

irq changes article?

Posted May 13, 2011 2:43 UTC (Fri) by pflugstad (subscriber, #224) [Link]

Thomas Gleixner got to the top of the per-changesets list with a massive reworking of how interrupts are managed in the kernel - a job which required significant changes in almost every architecture.

Hopefully a LWN article about this will be forthcoming? Just asking. Thanks!

Thomas Gleixner's patches don't count for Linutronix?

Posted May 13, 2011 11:03 UTC (Fri) by ukleinek (subscriber, #56625) [Link] (1 responses)

How come that Linutronix only has a commit count of 276? Thomas' 442 patches should account for them, don't they?

Thomas Gleixner's patches don't count for Linutronix?

Posted May 13, 2011 13:07 UTC (Fri) by corbet (editor, #1) [Link]

The accounting of Thomas's patches is a bit complicated; he does some work under contract for others.

2.6.39 development statistics

Posted May 13, 2011 14:45 UTC (Fri) by Velmont (guest, #46433) [Link] (5 responses)

Cool. Maybe it'd be interesting to see where developers are living, split up by country, and maybe the US split up by state because it is big.

Also, having a time axis on this information would be interesting.

2.6.39 development statistics

Posted May 15, 2011 17:27 UTC (Sun) by Julie (guest, #66693) [Link] (4 responses)

Yes, it would be nice to be able to elaborate on the statistics a bit more, although this is probably beyond what is practicable.

It's possible to infer or guess a few further details by knowing who someone's employers are, but what I would find really interesting would be some background on voluntary developers, which must be quite a diverse demographic - long-term veterans, consultants expanding their credentials, professional students (probably the highest figure), developers migrating from another project, hobbyists etc. It might give further clues as to why this statistic has dropped, too.

I suppose this would be a lot too complicated to compile though. How are the 'none' and 'unknown' stats arrived at?

2.6.39 development statistics

Posted May 15, 2011 18:02 UTC (Sun) by corbet (editor, #1) [Link] (3 responses)

"None" is people known to be working on their own time - usually known because they told us so. "Unknown" is people we have no clue about.

2.6.39 development statistics

Posted May 16, 2011 8:42 UTC (Mon) by patrick_g (subscriber, #44470) [Link] (2 responses)

Do you only use the email address to know who someone's employers are?
I ask this question because I looked at the "User namespace" patch from Serge E. Hallyn (link).
His email is serge AT hallyn DOT com but the status page for "User Namespace" is here in the Ubuntu wiki and the git development tree is in here at kernel.ubuntu.com.

I would like to know if Serge's commits are attributed to Canonical in your kernel stats.

2.6.39 development statistics

Posted May 16, 2011 12:46 UTC (Mon) by corbet (editor, #1) [Link]

An awful lot of developers do not post from company email addresses; if all we did was look for corporate domains, we'd have an awful lot more unknowns than we do. For your specific question: yes, Serge's contributions are properly attributed.

2.6.39 development statistics

Posted May 16, 2011 12:48 UTC (Mon) by corbet (editor, #1) [Link]

If you want to learn more about how these numbers are generated, remember that the gitdm source can be had at git://git.lwn.net/gitdm.git.

Nokias role?

Posted May 14, 2011 9:57 UTC (Sat) by kreutzm (guest, #4700) [Link] (3 responses)

I was really wondering why Nokia came up so high on the list. After their switch to the other big vendor I assumed they would no longer put (so much) ressources into the Kernel.

Anyone got some insights?

Nokias role?

Posted May 14, 2011 15:01 UTC (Sat) by johill (subscriber, #25196) [Link]

I can't say anything about what will happen in the future, and I doubt they'll suddenly go down to absolutely nothing even though they announced a switch, but keep in mind that these numbers are "historic" already. Almost all development that went into 2.6.39 was done before the 2.6.38 release (which was in March), the stabilisation period is just a process that follows after that.

Nokias role?

Posted May 16, 2011 20:01 UTC (Mon) by job (guest, #670) [Link]

Nokia is a big company. I bet there's a lot of Linux in their telco equipment, for example.

Nokias role?

Posted May 19, 2011 14:09 UTC (Thu) by Jaffa (guest, #4327) [Link]

Harmattan is approaching (FSVO "approaching") release - as noted, Feb 11th doesn't mean an immediate layoff to everyone working on MeeGo (or on other uses of Linux)


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