FocusWriter is all writing, no distractions

It's November, and all around the world aspiring novelists (including this reporter) have turned their attention to National Novel Writing Month (NaNoWriMo). In the spirit of choosing the right tools for the job, I decided to look for an application more suited to fiction than my trusty Vim, and found FocusWriter. It's certainly not a replacement for Vim, but it's a suitable word processor for prose.

FocusWriter is a "distraction free" word processor that's designed to help writers immerse themselves in their work. When run, it elbows aside everything else on the screen and demands the writer's full attention. Granted, one could achieve a similar effect by simply writing in a full-screen terminal or switching to the console and running Vim or Emacs — but many writers (Neal Stephenson excepted) are not well-versed in the classic text editors. Since I was trying to make a break from my normal mode of writing about technology in Vim using HTML, I wanted to see if a change of pace (or application) could boost creativity. Of the crop of distraction-free word processors (more on those below), FocusWriter looked the most promising.

FocusWriter is written by Graeme Gott, who publishes it and several other applications under the Gott Code brand. FocusWriter is Qt-based, free software (GPLv3), and packages are available from Gott for almost all major Linux distributions. Debian is the notable exception, but source is available if the Ubuntu packages will not install on Debian. It's multi-platform as well, with releases available for Mac OS X, Windows, and even OS/2.

Using FocusWriter

I picked the most recent release, 1.3.1, from Gott's PPA and started logging some writing time with FocusWriter. The default is for a small text area on black background in the middle of the screen, but FocusWriter allows you to modify its theme and amount of text space through the preferences. For example, one might prefer to have a background picture to set the mood, or to enlarge the text area, or place it off-center. Naturally you can change the fonts and color scheme as well.

For those unfamiliar with NaNoWriMo, the goal is to produce a novel-length work of 50,000 words. Quality is not the goal — though it's not discouraged, the idea is to get one's first novel out of the way. For those who participate, tracking word count is of great importance, and that's one of FocusWriter's primary features. The bottom toolbar tracks the number of words, paragraphs, characters, and percentage of the daily goal reached. It is not displayed except when the user hovers the mouse over the bottom of the screen.

The daily goal is set through FocusWriter's preferences. The main menu and toolbar are also hidden until one hovers the mouse over the top of the screen. Users can opt to take FocusWriter out of full-screen mode as well, which will display the toolbar and status bar, but sort of misses the point of the application. The daily goal can be based on word count or the number of minutes (or hours, for the truly dedicated) spent writing.

One feature that's interesting for prose, but would be frustrating for editing system files, is under the "General" tab in preferences: Always vertically center. Basically this means that the cursor will always be centered mid-screen so your eye doesn't have to track the text to the bottom of the screen while writing. When you reach the end of a line, FocusWriter scrolls the text up rather than pushing the cursor down one line. This is helpful when writing steadily, but disorienting when making changes. For example, when making a correction on a line towards the top or bottom of the screen, FocusWriter will re-center the text on the first keypress. Unfortunately, FocusWriter lacks a hot-key to turn this feature on or off without diving into preferences, so it got turned off rather quickly.

Writers who miss (assuming they remember) the clack of a typewriter have the option of enabling typewriter sounds in the 1.3.1 release. It's somewhat buggy, however, and only seemed to work when hitting Enter — not for each keystroke as one would expect. It might sound like a trivial, perhaps annoying, feature, but it's apparently a feature that was in great demand.

FocusWriter's feature set is fairly standard fare for basic writing. It supports plain text or the Rich Text Format (RTF), but not Open Document Format, Word, HTML, or others. So if you produce a masterpiece in FocusWriter, simply saving as RTF and renaming the file .doc will be good enough to submit as a manuscript — but you'll wind up editing revisions in LibreOffice or Word. It has, as should all editors, autosave, but no revision history.

Alternatives

Maybe FocusWriter is too frilly for you. In that case, turn your attention to PyRoom, a even more minimalist editor written in Python. It doesn't support RTF or background pictures — though you can customize the color scheme if relentless black doesn't match your creative mood.

There's also JDarkRoom. It's yet another distraction free word processor, but written in Java rather than Python. It has some interesting features, like exporting to HTML and allowing users to configure keybindings via a keymap file. However, while it's free as in beer, it is not open source and probably not as interesting to most LWN readers.

RubyRoom is free software (GPLv2), but updates have ceased or slowed enormously. Its last release was in 2008. It has a similar set of functionality to PyRoom and FocusWriter, so it is probably only worth checking out for users who have a penchant for Ruby.

Of course, users can simply employ their favorite text editor, as well. Vim, gedit, Emacs, Kate, GNU Nano, and the rest of the lot are or can be set up as minimalist full-screen editors too.

FocusWriter future and community

Though it's open source, FocusWriter is mostly a one-man show. The Gott Code site doesn't have development lists or forums, though developers can easily get access to the code via GitHub. To find out what the future holds for FocusWriter, I contacted Gott via email to ask about its status. Gott acknowledges some contributors for translations and such on the Gott Code site, but he says he hasn't put much effort into making a community project out of it. Gott says he welcomes contributions from others, but is "happy to do the work if no one else steps up."

What started out as an application for his wife has grown into a much more full-featured program. FocusWriter is about two years old — development started in October 2008 — but development has waxed and waned depending on whether Gott was paying attention to FocusWriter or one of his other games and applications. The 1.0 release, says Gott, was "a pale shadow" of the current release. The 1.3.1 release may look like a shadow in a year or so if Gott fits in the features he'd like. Gott says that he would like to add grammar checking (in addition to its spell checking, based on Hunspell), additions to the theme configuration, scene management, and "some kind of file history."

Perhaps by NaNoWriMo 2011, authors will be able to use FocusWriter to track characters, story revisions, and more. Fuller featured writing tools abound for Windows and Mac OS X, but the options for writing fiction are very limited on Linux. Not that features necessarily contribute to better writing. So far, FocusWriter has shown no danger of turning this reporter into the next Stephen King or Kurt Vonnegut. But it does live up to its description. It provides a minimalist set of features, just enough to write productively while eliminating distractions. FocusWriter not only hides all the menus and clutter of typical word processing software, it also hides the various visual distractions that plague modern desktops.

Experienced Linux users might prefer to stick with their text editor of choice, even if participating in something like NaNoWriMo. But this is the sort of application that makes Linux attractive to a wider set of users who may not be interested in using a "text editor" — even one as simple as gedit — to try to produce the next Great American Novel.