The GOODS database engine should be mentioned, though it never seemed to reach usage critical mass. I used it around the year 2000 and found it to be a reasonable alternative to commercial object oriented database engines of the time. You could even build a geographically distributed database with it, and its direct links between objects made complicated data schemas very tractable compared to a relational approach. A pity that its creator seemed to lose interest in it after it matured. He did some great work.