I don't think there's a formal definition of that term; my personal experience of it has always been that it meant that it was either possible or -- more to the point -- practical, to use it to write *all the other pieces of an OS *except* maybe the kernel... though you'd really like to use it to write the kernel as well.
Since, in my personal experience and understanding, it's not actually possible to make a garbage collected language behave deterministically, then Go actually only questionably deserves the title; you couldn't write a full-scale OS kernel in it for that reason.
(I speak as someone who regularly uses a Blackberry; RIM made exactly this mistake -- due to poor choices (presumably) in some of their data structures, my phone pops up a global-lock GC hourglass at random times. We Are Not Amused.)