By Jake Edge
November 14, 2009
While it is quite common for consumer electronics—TVs, DVRs,
and the like—to be running Linux these days, it is less common to see
projects geared towards replacing and upgrading the Linux firmware in that
class of devices. But that is exactly what the SamyGO project is doing for
Samsung televisions. By using the source provided by Samsung, along with
quite a bit of ingenuity, SamyGO allows users to telnet into their
television—an amusing concept—but also to enable functionality
beyond that which ships with the device.
The SamyGO wiki lists
several modifications that can be made to the TV firmware. One of the main
modifications seems to be enabling NFS or SMB/CIFS support so that media
files from servers on the network can be played. The TVs already support
getting media from the local network using Digital
Living Network Alliance (DLNA) protocols, but there are
restrictions on the audio and video formats and some playback functionality
(pause, forward, rewind) depending on the DLNA server. By using NFS
or CIFS, all of the formats
and features
available for USB-based playback are also available across the network.
Obviously, these are fairly high-end TVs, with both Ethernet connectivity
and USB ports. The devices
"supported" by SamyGO are LCD models in the LE-32-55Bxxx series and LED
models from the UE-xx-B70xx series. The USB ports are available for
viewing/playing
additional media or for games. Using the "Games" menu with
programs stored on a USB stick is one of the ways to run programs on the TV.
The USB ports are also used for a Samsung-branded WiFi "dongle" that
owners can buy to avoid the wiring hassle of Ethernet. But, Linux supports
far more wireless devices than just the Samsung devices, so SamyGO
developers are working to enable others as well. In fact, the Ralink
rt73 and rt2870 drivers have been modified
in the kernel source supplied by Samsung to remove many additional device
IDs, so that only the Samsung devices will work. There are now drivers
available without that restriction.
The early efforts have been to get telnet working so that the
TV filesystem could be explored. This is done by patching
the firmware binaries
provided by
Samsung and then using the TV's firmware upgrade mechanism to install them
on the device. The aptly named "Warning
: Read Me First or Brick Your TV!" message in the SamyGO forum
outlines the dangers of upgrading the firmware. For those that just want
to try this all out, without upgrading any firmware, a safer method is also
described, which masquerades as a game on a USB stick to enable telnet.
The kernel is 2.6.18-based with the addition of Samsung's Robust
FAT File System (RFS), which is a filesystem for NAND flash devices. As
the name would indicate, it is also FAT compatible. It is not in the
mainline, however, nor have the SamyGO developers gotten it working for
desktop distributions. For that reason, they have resorted to binary
patching of the firmware.
Samsung has also released RFS source, along with a Linux
porting guide that should be helpful in those efforts.
Once RFS can be built for recent kernels, or a utility to create RFS images
is made,
developers will be able to build their own firmware images for these TVs.
[ Update: see the comments below, there is no source RFS release. ]
The kernel source is available, but the
project has not yet released any kernels built from it. The Ralink drivers
were rebuilt
after modifying the device IDs, though, so they can be inserted into the
system. The kernel itself has been
patched, adding OMAP architecture and sound support among other things, but
there has been no mention of binary drivers on the forum, so it should be
possible to build the released kernel—or something more recent.
So far, Samsung doesn't seem to have reacted to the project, either
positively or negatively. Some concern has been expressed in the forum
that working around the WiFi restrictions might raise the company's ire.
But one would guess that the number of folks willing to risk bricking an
expensive TV in order to use a cheaper WiFi dongle is relatively
small—likely to go unnoticed by Samsung.
In the meantime, if the
SamyGO hackers add other functionality that might be interesting to
customers—there has been talk of web browsers for
example—Samsung might just adopt it themselves. Either way, the code
is out there for those who might want to give it a try.
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