> The scenarios show an attacker opening read-only and then escalating to
> read-write after some permissions were changed
No it didn't. No permissions were changed between the time the attacker had a read-only fd and when the attacker managed to get a read-write fd.
- The attacker could not open the file (neither read-only nor read-write)
- The superuser gave the attacker a read-only handle to the file
- The attacker turned it into a read-write handle
No permissions changes were involved, this is not a race condition.