Free software in Italy and elsewhere [LWN.net]

National governments are increasingly taking an interest in free software as a way to reduce costs, improve security, support local software development industry, and decrease reliance on Microsoft. At least, governments outside the U.S. are interested... Here we take a quick look at recent events in Italy and India which give some hints of where this trend is heading.

The Italian Ministry for Innovation and Technology has announced (in Italian) the creation of the "Commission for Open Source Software in Public Administration," which is charged with evaluating free software for governmental use. This committee is headed by Professor Raffaele Meo, former president of the Italian National Research Council (CNR), and a well-known free software advocate. The scope of its work is to look at the "efficiency, effectiveness, and cost savings" of free software. They are also supposed to evaluate technology trends across Europe and other industrialized countries. The group's final report, due in three months, should advise the government on strategies for the evaluation and choice of free software.

This charge may disappoint hard core free software supporters, since it seems to focus primarily on the economic arguments. The driving force behind the establishment of this committee, however, is a proposed law (in Italian, of course) being pushed by the (opposition) Italian Green Party. This law would require government agencies to prefer free software for their information systems needs. Agencies wanting to buy proprietary software would be required to justify that choice. In situations where "personal or sensitive data" (or data whose disclusure could impact national security) is being handled, use of free software would be mandatory. Public agencies would also be required to keep copies of the source for software they use, and would be required to keep data in open formats.

The long-term direction, thus, is toward strong support of free software as a way of improving security and access to public information - along with the usual economic reasons. Adoption of free software at this level in Italy is still a fairly distant prospect, however; for now, we have to wait to see what this committee has to say, early next year. (Thanks to Davide Barbieri for the tip).

Meanwhile, events in India are worth a look. The country's Department of Information Technology announced last month a new set of initiatives to promote the development and use of Linux there. Linux obviously has a lot to offer a country like India, but the cynical among us need not look too hard for another motivation for this effort. After all, Bill Gates has just taken a trip over there and talked about spending $400 million in the country. The two events are unlikely to be unrelated.

India is an important country for both Microsoft and the free software community. Its software market is relatively small, especially when considering the size of the country as a whole. But India is rich in highly educated software developers. If a substantial portion of those developers were to start working on free software, the results would be felt worldwide. It is an outcome that, for Microsoft, is worth $400 million to prevent.

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Free software in Italy and elsewhere

Posted Nov 14, 2002 10:00 UTC (Thu) by bockman (guest, #3650) [Link]

I don't like the idea of a law mandating what is, after law, a mostly technical/economical choice. A law should only state the requirements (_sensible_ requirements : an open-source word processor may be nice to have but hardly is a must. Open document formats is a must. An open source digital election system is also a must). Executives and tecnicians have the responsibility to find the actual tools that best meet the stated requirements.

What I _would_ like to see is a law that acknowledges, protect and encourages free software as a process, rather than for its products. In other words, a law that declares that sharing technical information and working togherther on technical goals is a Good Thing (although not a mandatory one). A law that protects anything (software and other IP) that people willingly put in the shared knowledge pool that is the basis for any scientific and technological progress.

Free software in Italy and elsewhere

Posted Nov 14, 2002 19:37 UTC (Thu) by hazelsct (guest, #3659) [Link]

Your proposal sounds more like a resolution than a law...

Free software in Italy and elsewhere

Posted Nov 15, 2002 10:30 UTC (Fri) by bockman (guest, #3650) [Link]

I'm not sure of the meaninig of the terms you are using ...
If for resolution you mean 'government commitment', that would be a start. But I think that free software could also use some actual laws. Governments pass, laws stay, and to be canceled require an open and public debate.
For instance, I'd like to see a law which mandates public offices to protect free software against IP violations (after all, free software _is_ a public good).
Also, I'd like to see a law that mandates IP owned by public institutions and companies to be made available under some free software licence (not sure which, GPL is a bit too restrictive for that, maybe LGPL or BSD-like).
These are IMO valid political goals for the free software world. Forcing the public administration to use free software even when it is not the best tool at hand is not.